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Alkalinity
  • 2025-07-09

Alkalinity

Alkalinity


Alkalinity represents the water body's buffering capacity to resist drastic pH value changes, essentially the total amount of alkaline substances in water that neutralize acidity. This indicator is measured in calcium carbonate equivalents (CaCO₃), with units of ppm or mg/L (the two are numerically equivalent). Total alkalinity is contributed by three types of ions:


Carbonate alkalinity (CO₃²⁻)

Bicarbonate alkalinity (HCO₃⁻)

Hydroxide alkalinity (OH⁻)

Alkalinity maintains the balance of the aquatic environment by stabilizing the pH value within a suitable range (usually close to neutral):


Provides a carbon source for aquatic organisms

Inhibits fluctuations in water acidification or alkalization

When excessive input of acidic pollutants leads to alkalinity depletion, a sudden drop in pH will harm ecosystem health.


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